Wmý Èkh - 1858'10'27
1876 - ydj¾â ú’j úoHd,fê wOHdmkh
1880 - m<· újdyh t,ë½ fyrfõ Í
1881 - ÿõfh»" my, uýz ulv, ÿfh»ð;
1886 - fojk újdyh tär f'dõ
1886 - ÿõfh»" k.rdêms örhg ;r. je§u
1888-95 - weußlý rdcH f½jd fldñiug mrùu
1895 - ÿõfh»" fmd¸½ flduidß½
1897 - kdúl y·odfõ iyldr f¨lï
1898 - ÿõfh»" 36 jeÿ wdlAldr
1898 - ½md[a[ bÈßfê ðÞOhg Wmfo½ §u
1901 - wfußldfõ 25 jeÿ Wm ckdêms
1901-09 - wfußldfõ 26 jeÿ ckdêm;
s
1906 - fkdfn¨ idu ;Hd.hg ¾ñlu
wNdjh - 1919'01'06
¸hk ,o lDs : The Naval War of 1812 (1882), The Winning of the West (1889-96), African Game Trails (1910), Autobiography (1913), America and the World War (1915)
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.r lujrfh"" ¡s fõÈfh""rdcH ÿ,Odßfh" yeáhg y÷kdf.k ´á shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü c.r “cdjf/ f.!rjh Èkd.rfr hymr rdcH kdhlfh% yeáhgë' ,d nd,u jhfiý ckdêms yeáhg mr ÓK rE½fj¨Ü wfußldfõ j¾;udkh f.dv k.ýk le‘ fmfkk odhlrjh" fmýŒï l< pß;h"'
orejý ´õ fofk%f.ý ðr mÓ,l fojeÿhd yeáhg Wm; ,eô shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü nd, ld,fê ! ;rï fi!LH iïmýk flfk" fkfjë' fnd"´x *vdjg keære lrýk rE½fj¨Ü ;dr;d uyý´ .r;d' rgj¨ #¾mhl ixpdrh i|yd le]j 0hd' #hjñý wdNdYfhý yodrñý bf.k.r Tà ydjâ úoHd,fhý ƒ¸l wOHdmkh wjiý l<d'
mdif¨§u ;·ýf/ f¨Lk ye#hdj fmýŒï l< rE½fj¨Ü mdif¨ iÕrd ix½lrKh l<d' wi¡m ;rrjh .ek ffjoHjre wkure wfÕõjjr o"I fnd"´x *vlfh" yeáhg ku" Èkd .r;d' mdif,ý m½fi fldf,dïìhd ¡s úÿy,g weu¨ ÓKd' ÿõfh»" my, uýz ulv,fê lgðu i|yd ÿfh»ð;fh% yeáhg mr fjýk sô leuer; ÿid t;eÿý ßmí¸lý md"¥lfh% yeáhg uyck;dj fjŒfjý lemfjýk týÿ l< shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü t;ek b|f.k uyck;djg jeo.r jk wK mKr iEfyýk bÈßmr lr ;·ýf/ ck;djf/ ¾r meyer .r;d'
m<· újdyh ÿid Èhmhk ,eÑKr ;·ýf/ ìß| jf/u wïud r ñh 0fê tl jljdŒjl' fïÿid flá ld,h" úfh» ÿl ÿid wE;lg 0¾ý mÈxÑfj,d ¾á rE½fõ¨Ü fï ld,h u< iEfyýk #hfhõjd' úf’Ifhý ng¾rg keære fmd; m;' ¾; yod .r Tà wdfhr fÞYmd,kh mer;g yerefl ÿõfh»" k.rdêms Pýohr t"l' t;ek§ Tà wid¾:l ÓKd' ,ývkhg 0hd' fojeÿ j;djg újdy \ú;hg weu¨ ÓK rE½fj¨Ü ðfr»mfê ixpdrhl ÿhe¨kd' fï ld,fê shfv»¾ jeä—r f¨Lk l,djg weu¨ fj,ë ¾áfh' bsydi lDs .KKdj" ¸heÓKd' fldë;rï ÿrÈ. 0hd o #hkjdkï m½fi ldf,l rE½fj¨Ü g wfußldfõ bsydi{hýf/ ix.ufê iNdms fjýkr th n,mEjd'
1988 fnýcñý yeßiý ckdêmsf/ uesjrK jHdmdrhr t"l rE½fj¨Ü wdfhr fÞYmd,kh mer;g fhd· ÓKd' w¨r ckdêms TÃg mejrefõ ´ú¨ f½jfê flduidß½ ;kur' t;ek§ ´ú¨ f½jh fjŒfjý wjYHj sô fjk½lï rei" y÷ýjd ÿýkd' tl È.g wÓreÿ my" jev l<dg m½fi ÿõfh»" Œjr fmd¸½ fldñIk¾ yeáhg ;kur ndr.r;d' fï ld,fê k.r fmdÍ´h ¥¥; wdh;k f¨Lkfê wxl tl wrf.ë sÑfl' ;kur ndr .r; rE½fj¨Ü #hk hlv kdhlrjh fmd¸´hg sÑK krl “srEmh wÓreÿ fol" weu,; iy·¸ýu fjk½ l<d' ;o ¡s oeïud' jerÈ lrejýg oAjï ÿýkd' ! jf/u k.r je´hýf/ wdr"Idjg w¨r ixl¨mh" yeáhg md meÈ j¸ý ·r ixpdrh lrk f½jdj" y÷ýjd ÿýkd' fï .uk Èyd n,d ¾á wfußldfõ kdhlhý B,Õg ÿýfý ;jr nrm;, w‹fh».h"'
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wfußlý kdúl y·odfõ iyldr f¨lï yeáhg j.$u Ndr.r rE½fj¨Ü #õfj zz´kEu fufyðulg w– ²odkï' ðÞOh" sfhkjd kï krl keye' ZZ #h,ë' yenEjgu ! l;dj tfyuu ÓKd' wfußldj ½md[a[h t"l ðÞOhl meg¨Kd' kdúl y·odfõ ¾á rE½fõ¨Ü ðO ìug 0hd' fï ðÞOh Èkýk kï keúhýf/ Y"sh ú;r" “udKjr kes nj wjfn»O lr.r rE½fj¨Ü mdn, y·odfõr iydh wesj ½fõÉPd y·odj" yeÿjd' lõfn»ë llvdhï tluj ì¾ÓK fuu n,fõ.h Èyd yeu fofk"u wjOdkh fhd· l<d' ÿÕlr;d ú|f.k le,E ueÈý 0¾ý igý lr iurd hgmr lr .r tu jHdhduh wfußldfõ ch5yKhg mdr fmýŒjd #õfjdr yß'
shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü ðÞOh fjŒfjý l< lem #Íu m½fi ldf,l wfußldfõ by,u ðO ùrhýg –ßkuk iïudkfhý —oýkg ;rï “udKjr ùu ie,#h ðu ldrKdj"' o"I;djh jf/u ye#hdj ·Ã lr,d lemùfuý w¨r n,fõ.h" ðO ìfï ÿ¾udKh #Ífuý iurd Ýshg mr #Íu .ek ! ld,fê ckudOHhý mjd fndfy» mei±ï l<d' m½fi ldf,l fkdfn¨ idu ;Hd.hgr ¾ñlï #hd mEu t"l ii|k úg tl mer;#ý ðO ùrfh" ·¨ f,»lhu idu ùrfh" yeáhg ie,$u wý; fol" iunrj mjrjdf.k hdu" yeáhg o#ýkr —¨jý'
ðO ìfuý wd ùrhdg wdfhr fÞYmd,khg werðï ,eÑfl ÿõfh»" wdlAldr moúhr t"l' ú¸hï ueflý¸ wfußldfõ ckdêms lrk moku yßhg il½ l< rE½fj¨Ü Wm ckdêms örhg mr ÓKd' fï ld,fê k.rfêr rfÜr “cd;ýwjdoh" uyck wdr"Idj fjŒfjý iEfyk yrnr týÿ .r;d' rfÜ wd¾Òlh il½ lrýk ;·ýf/ wroe$ï ·Ã l<d'
wÓreÞo" ú;r fjk fldg ckdêms ueflý¸ yÈ´fê \ú;fhý i·.rfr >d;lfh%f/ týÿj" ÿid' jeä fofk" wdfhr le<ô¸ wes fjkjdg jvd ckdêmsf/ ie,±ï t"l ¾á shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü ckdëms örhg mr lrýk leus ÓKd' ¾g— leìkÜ ulv,hr t"l È.gu rg fjŒfjý .uk" 0h rE½fj¨Ü ál" iï“odfhý wEr ÓKd' md,kfê§ Ëuh yd “d/Okh w;r fjki .ek l;d l< Tà ;·ý md,lhd fkdj uyck f½jlhd h hk woyi “´Þëfê #hd ´áhd' uyck wëtý m<·j fojŒj —Þ.¸lrjh hk ixf";hg ·¨ ;ek ÿýkd' nd, úfê mgý úúO ;, j, ¾ñý ,r wroe$ï ckdêms yeáhg rg fufyhjýk m±ìu" yeáhg .r;d' ðO ìfïr" id¾;Hfõofhr yd ´ú¨ f½jfêr ixl,kh ÿid rE½fj¨Ü f/ md,khg uyck;djf/ ¾; 0hd' ÿïßh f½jdj weu¨ “jdykh .ek w¨r mKr yeÿjd' wdydrmdk j, ±r"¥; nj .ek Wkýÿj" oe"Ójd' mßirh wdr"Idj jk iuýf/ ÿoyi fjŒfjý ¡s il½ l<d' fï ÿid B,Õ j;dfõ cýofhý rE½fj¨Ü g ´hhg 56'4 l leuer;#ý wdfhr n,hg mr fjýk ye#hdj ,eÑKd'
shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü fyd| úfÞY “smrsh" wŒ.ukh l<d' wfußlý wkkH;djh f,»l “cdjg meyeÈs§ l<d' #ðnd " –¸‘k rgj¨ wE|k mekud we, ÿ¾udKh lrýk fjfy±k rE½fj¨Ü ! yryd f,»l wd¾Òlh fõ.jr lrk Wjukdfjý fm¨Kd'
ðO y·odfõ f½jh wrf.k rfÜ ud¾. yd ÿïßh ud¾. w¨sý yeÿjd' kdúl y·odjg w¨sý –ß½ n|jdf.k wfußlý n,h ;yÓre lr .r;d' rcfê “ssmrs “six½lrKh lrñý uyck;dj fjŒfjý w¨sý hu" lrýk uyý´ .r;d'
fojeÿ ð.h wjiý ùu t"l shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü w†ldfõ ixpdrhlg –grj 0hd' ÿ;r fidnd oyug ,eÈ" w‹fh». ch.ýkg leus fyf;u ;u úvdnr mßmd,k \ú;fê fjfyi ÿjd .rfr jk iuý iu.ë' rE½fj¨Ü t;ek§ weuý ovhï l<d' ovhï l< iuýf/ yï wd§ fldg½ wfußlý fl!uld.drhg f.k wdjd' bsydihgr" fmd; m; ¸hýkgr wroe$ï fydhd .ýkg fï úêhg wj½:dj yod .r rE½fj¨Ü f/ kug Tà l< lDtý yeáhg fmdr s½ my" ¸heù sfnkjd #õfjdr iuyre —ÿu fjkjd'
wjidk ld,fê rE½fõ¨Ü ̶,fê wefïiý jkdý;rfê ixpdh lrñý ´áh§ uef¨ßhdjg f.dÿre ÓKd' wfußldfõ ·¨ ð.fê rdcH kdhlrjh ú´ý md,k 'uh yß u.g .ýkg uyý´ .r wfh" fjr kï rE½fj¨g t¾ jeä .rerjh" ,eìh ðu nj iuldÍkhý fuýu j¾;udkfê úÞjuýo tlfy,d –§ .ýkjd' wxY reil tl úg iurlï fmýª ÿr o"kd Œjmý rgg f½jh l< shfv»¾ rE½fj¨Ü .ek fm," fj,djg udOH yeÈýªfê nÃld¾h md,lfh" hk wýj¾; kduhfý'
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